Tempos compostos do subjuntivo e infinitivo composto
Tempos compostos do subjuntivo e infinitivo composto means “Compound TER + past participle forms expressing anteriority (subjunctive and infinitive)”. All these forms use TER + past participle and express ANTERIORITY: an action already completed before the reference point. Formation: tenha/tivesse/tiver + particípio · ter + particípio (infinitivo composto)
Compound TER + past participle forms expressing anteriority (subjunctive and infinitive)
C1Formation
tenha/tivesse/tiver + particípio · ter + particípio (infinitivo composto)
Explanation
All these forms use TER + past participle and express ANTERIORITY: an action already completed before the reference point. (1) Present perfect subjunctive — «tenha chegado» — follows a present-tense trigger and marks a finished past: «Espero que ele tenha chegado». (2) Past perfect subjunctive — «tivesse feito» — expresses a past hypothesis or anteriority in the past, pairing with the compound conditional (teria feito): «Se eu tivesse estudado, teria passado». (3) Future perfect subjunctive — «tiver terminado» — marks a future action seen as already complete in temporal or conditional clauses: «Quando eu tiver terminado, aviso». (4) Compound infinitive — «ter estudado» — expresses a prior action and can even inflect for person («por termos feito»). Spanish has the exact parallels (haya hecho, hubiera/hubiese hecho, hubiere hecho, haber hecho), giving strong transfer — but Portuguese uses TER where Spanish uses HABER.
Examples
Note
The auxiliary is always TER, never HAVER in speech: «tenha feito», «tivesse feito», «tiver feito», «ter feito». Note: the past perfect subjunctive (tivesse) calls for the compound conditional in the main clause (teria feito), not another tivesse. The compound infinitive inflects for person: «por termos chegado tarde».
FAQ
Tempos compostos do subjuntivo e infinitivo composto — what does it mean and how is it used?
Compound TER + past participle forms expressing anteriority (subjunctive and infinitive). All these forms use TER + past participle and express ANTERIORITY: an action already completed before the reference point. (1) Present perfect subjunctive — «tenha chegado» — follows a present-tense trigger and marks a finished past: «Espero que ele tenha chegado». (2) Past perfect subjunctive — «tivesse feito» — expresses a past hypothesis or anteriority in the past, pairing with the compound conditional (teria feito): «Se eu tivesse estudado, teria passado». (3) Future perfect subjunctive — «tiver terminado» — marks a future action seen as already complete in temporal or conditional clauses: «Quando eu tiver terminado, aviso». (4) Compound infinitive — «ter estudado» — expresses a prior action and can even inflect for person («por termos feito»). Spanish has the exact parallels (haya hecho, hubiera/hubiese hecho, hubiere hecho, haber hecho), giving strong transfer — but Portuguese uses TER where Spanish uses HABER.
Tempos compostos do subjuntivo e infinitivo composto — how do you form it?
tenha/tivesse/tiver + particípio · ter + particípio (infinitivo composto)
Tempos compostos do subjuntivo e infinitivo composto — any usage notes?
The auxiliary is always TER, never HAVER in speech: «tenha feito», «tivesse feito», «tiver feito», «ter feito». Note: the past perfect subjunctive (tivesse) calls for the compound conditional in the main clause (teria feito), not another tivesse. The compound infinitive inflects for person: «por termos chegado tarde».