C1 Grammar
Complete list of C1 Grammar points with meaning, formation, examples and audio. Tap any point for a full explanation.
- Regência: assistir a, preferir a, chegar a/em Verb/noun government: the preposition a verb demands — and where the written norm and everyday BR speech diverge
- Colocação pronominal na norma culta: ênclise, próclise e mesóclise The three positions of the clitic pronoun in cultured written Portuguese and what forces each
- Orações reduzidas A subordinate clause condensed with a non-finite verb (infinitive, gerund, or participle) instead of a conjunction + finite verb
- Subjuntivo — usos avançados Advanced subjunctive: relative clauses with an indefinite or negated antecedent, concessive intensifiers, and optative expressions.
- Pronomes relativos avançados: o qual, regência e onde Advanced relatives: o qual, preposition + relative, onde for place only
- Futuro composto e futuro do pretérito composto: terei feito, teria feito Compound future terei feito (will have done) and conditional perfect teria feito (would have done)
- Palavras que confundem: homófonos e grafias Confusing words: homophones and similar spellings (mas/mais, mal/mau, a/há, senão, the four porquês)
- Acentuação gráfica (as regras de acento) the written-accent rules — when a word takes ´ ^ ` ~
- Correlação de tempos no subjuntivo: presente pede presente, passado pede imperfeito The tense of the main clause fixes which subjunctive tense the subordinate clause must use
- Tempos compostos do subjuntivo e infinitivo composto Compound TER + past participle forms expressing anteriority (subjunctive and infinitive)
- Uso do hífen (Acordo Ortográfico) The rules for when to use (or drop) the hyphen in compound and prefixed words after the 2009 Spelling Agreement.
- Regência nominal Noun/adjective government: the fixed preposition a noun or adjective requires
- Colocação pronominal em locuções verbais where the clitic (me/te/se) goes with a two-verb complex (auxiliary + infinitive/gerund)
- Conectores argumentativos e de reformulacao (registro formal escrito) Advanced discourse connectors for formal/argumentative writing, grouped by function.